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• The social coevolution hypothesis for the origin of enzymatic cooperation  + (At the start of life, the origin of a prim … At the start of life, the origin of a primitive genome required individ-</br>ual replicators, or genes, to act like enzymes and cooperatively copy each</br>other. The evolutionary stability of such enzymatic cooperation poses a</br>problem, because it would have been susceptible to parasitic replicators,</br>that don't act like enzymes, but could still bene�t from the enzymatic</br>behaviour of other replicators. Existing hypotheses to solve this problem</br>require restrictive assumptions that may not be justi�ed, such as the evo-</br>lution of a cell membrane before the evolution of enzymatic cooperation.</br>We show theoretically that, instead, selection itself can lead to replicators</br>grouping themselves together in a way that favours cooperation. We show</br>that the tendency to physically associate to others and cooperative enzy-</br>matic activity can coevolve, leading to the evolution of physically linked</br>cooperative replicators. Our results shift the empirical problem from a</br>search for special environmental conditions to questions about what types</br>of phenotypes can be produced by simple replicators.pes can be produced by simple replicators.)

• The social coevolution hypothesis for the origin of enzymatic cooperation  +