Difference between revisions of "Irreversible Processes in Ecological Evolution/Higher-order interactions, stability across timescales, and macroecological patterns"

Revision as of 03:53, January 26, 2019

January 30, 2019
1:30 pm - 2:30 pm

Presenter

Abstract

The difficulty of reconciling the staggering biodiversity found in tropical rainforests with classical theories of resource partitioning has led ecologists to explore neutral theories of coexistence, in which all species are assumed to have the same physiological parameters, and variations in species abundance arise from stochastic fluctuations. Here we propose a theory of coexistence in which all species have different physiological rates, and interact with each other through a network of competitive interactions. We show that our models produce robust coexistence of many species even when parameters are drawn at random. Importantly, the dynamical stability of our models is due to higher-order interactions — interactions involving more than two species at a time. Moving from deterministic to stochastic models, we find that the presence of higher-order interactions, which make equilibrium points attractive, dramatically increases the time to extinction in isolated systems, allowing for the prolonged coexistence of species. When we let the system evolve, we recover many empirically observed macroecological patterns.

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 |End time=January 30, 2019 02:30:00 PM
 |Presenter=AlanHastings
-|Pre-meeting notes=I would focus on several related questions. 1)  How important are transient dynamics in ecological systems in particular those that produce sudden changes without any underlying parameter change (and how do we distinguish between parameters and variables?). 2)  What are the issues related to moving from what are essentially single variable views of catastrophic changes/tipping points in ecological/evolutionary systems to the actual high dimensional nature of these systems? 3) What are the implications of the possibility of  sudden changes for managing ecological systems?
+|Pre-meeting notes=The difficulty of reconciling the staggering biodiversity found in tropical rainforests with classical theories of resource partitioning has led ecologists to explore neutral theories of coexistence, in which all species are assumed to have the same physiological parameters, and variations in species abundance arise from stochastic fluctuations. Here we propose a theory of coexistence in which all species have different physiological rates, and interact with each other through a network of competitive interactions. We show that our models produce robust coexistence of many species even when parameters are drawn at random. Importantly, the dynamical stability of our models is due to higher-order interactions — interactions involving more than two species at a time. Moving from deterministic to stochastic models, we find that the presence of higher-order interactions, which make equilibrium points attractive, dramatically increases the time to extinction in isolated systems, allowing for the prolonged coexistence of species. When we let the system evolve, we recover many empirically observed macroecological patterns.
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Difference between revisions of "Irreversible Processes in Ecological Evolution/Higher-order interactions, stability across timescales, and macroecological patterns"

Revision as of 03:53, January 26, 2019